PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

·         Definition:

1.    Present perfect tense is used for describing a past action’s effect on the present : he has arrived. Now he is here. This holds true for events that have just been secluded as well as for events that have not yet occurred.

Present perfect tense is forming by combining has/have with the main verb’s past participle form:

-          I have arrived

A negation is produced by inserting not after has/have.

-          I have not arrived

Questions in present perfect tense are formulated by starting a sentence with has/have.

Has she arrived ?

2.    Present perfect tense is a kind of tense that is used to describe an action or an event that started in a certain time in the past and completed of finished till certain time in the past too, or past perfect tense is used to express to express an action or an event that have happened before the other event or action happened.

·         Formula:

         (+) S + had + V3 + C

         Example : we had eaten before they came.

         (-) S + had + not + V3 + C

         Example : they had not eaten before we came.

        (?) Had + S + V3 + C + ?

         Example : had they eaten before we came ?